With rising concerns about environmental degradation, plastic pollution, and climate change, industries across the globe are turning toward Biodegradable Raw Material as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional, petroleum-based materials. These raw materials are designed to break down naturally, returning to the environment without leaving harmful residues.
Biodegradable materials are a critical part of the circular economy—where waste becomes a resource—and are increasingly used in packaging, textiles, agriculture, construction, and even electronics.
1. What Are Biodegradable Raw Materials?
Biodegradable Raw Material are substances that can be broken down by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, into natural elements like water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. The process occurs within a reasonable time frame, typically months to a few years, depending on the material and conditions.
2. Common Types of Biodegradable Raw Materials
These are found in nature and used directly or processed for industrial use.
| Material | Source | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Cellulose | Plants (wood, cotton) | Paper, textiles, bio-packaging |
| Starch | Corn, potato, wheat | Bioplastics, packaging, foams |
| Chitosan | Shells of crustaceans | Biomedical, food packaging |
| Alginates | Brown seaweed | Food, wound dressings, pharmaceuticals |
| Gelatin | Animal collagen | Capsules, food, films |
| Pectin | Fruits (citrus, apple) | Edible films, gelling agents |
Polymers derived from bio-based or fossil resources but engineered to be biodegradable.
| Polymer | Raw Material Source | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| PLA (Polylactic Acid) | Corn starch, sugarcane | Packaging, cutlery, 3D printing |
| PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates) | Microbial fermentation | Medical implants, agricultural films |
| PBS (Polybutylene succinate) | Bio-based succinic acid | Packaging, mulch films, textiles |
| PBAT (Polybutylene adipate terephthalate) | Fossil-based but biodegradable | Compost bags, flexible films |